| Disease Prevention Through Proper Sanitation and Disinfection in an Indoor Psittacine Breeding Facility : Part 3 |  |
References:
BLOCK, S. S. (1983). Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation. 3rd ed. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
CLIPSHAM, R. (1988). Preventative Health Care for Aviculture - disinfection and sanitation. Watchbird 15(5):16-22.
CLUBB, S. (1989). Disinfectants in the pet shop. Pet Business 15:6 pp 62-65.
GANGLE, J. (1988). Disinfection of clinic and aviary. Proc. Assoc. of Avian Tech. pp 25-28.
GARDNER, J. F. AND PELL, M. M. (1986). Introduction to Sterilization and Disinfection. Churchill Livingstone, London.
MANDEL, J., HAFEZ, H.M., WOERNLE, H. and KOSTERS, J. (1987). (Efficacy of disinfection methods for broiler breeder eggs contaminated with Salmonella.) Archiv. fur Geflugelkunde 51:16-21.
MORGAN-JONES, S. C. (1981). Cleansing and Disinfection of Farm Buildings. In: Disinfectants: Their Use and Evaluation of Effectiveness. Eds. Collins, C. H., Allwood, M. C., Bloomfield, S. F., and Fox, A. Academic Press, London. pp 201-212.
PRINDLE, R.F. (1983). Phenolic Compounds. In: Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation. Ed. S. S. Block. Lea & Febiger 3rd ed. pp 197-224.
RUSSELL, A. D., and HUGO, W. B. (1987). Chemical disinfectants. In: Disinfection in Veterinary and Farm Animal Practice. Eds. A. H. Linton, W. B. Hugo, A. D. Russell. Blackwell Scientific Publications pp 12-42.
SAINSBURY, D. and SAINSBURY, P. (1988). Livestock Health and Housing. 3rd ed. Baillere Tindall, London.
WALLACE, J., DODD, J. and MILLETT, M. (1988). Comparison of the sporicidal effect of three disinfectant solutions within an isolator transfer port. Animal Technology 39:189-193.
Appendix 1 - Disinfectants
Format;
Name (Manufacturer) : size - Distributor $cost, cost/l concentrate, Use dilution, cost/l diluted.
Ingredients (% active disinfectant)
Chlorine (Bleach)Javex (Bristol-Myers): 3.6 l - Food & Pharmacy stores $2.50
$0.70/l, 1:32 , $0.022/l.
Sodium Hypochlorite 6%.
Tamed Iodine (Iodophores)
Iosan (WestAgro Canada): 4.0 l - CoOp Stores $17.30,
$4.33/l, 1:333 , $0.013/l.
Phosphoric Acid, 15.95% ; Polyethoxy polypropoxy ethanol-iodine, 4.85% ; Nonylphenoxypoly ethanol-iodine, 12.60% (Provides 1.75% titratable iodine).
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (Quats)
Multi-san (Diversey Wyandotte Inc.): 5 l - CoOp Stores $18.60,
$3.72/l, 1:160, $0.024/l.
n-Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 4.50% ;
n-Alkyl dimethyl ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 4.50% ;
ethyl alcohol 2.25% (9.0% Ammonium Chlorides, 2.25% Alcohol).
Lysoquat (Winthrop): 4.5 l - Winthrop $16.30, $3.63/l, 1:256, $0.015/l.
Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 1.40% ; Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chlorides 11.2% ; tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 2.0% ; isopropyl alcohol 0.5% ; ethyl alcohol 2.8% (12.6% Ammonium Chlorides, 3.3% Alcohol).
Coverage 256 (Calgon Vestal Labs): 3.78 l - Sanofi $30.00, $7.94/l, 1:256, $0.031/l.
Octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 4.60% ; Dioctyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 2.30% ; Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 2.30% ; Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chlorides 6.14% (15.34% Ammonium Chlorides).
Phenolics
Lysovet (Winthrop): 4.5 l - Wintrop $31.63, $7.03/l, 1:256, $0.028/l.
Ortho-Phenylphenol 9.2% ; Ortho-Benzyl-para-chlorophenol 8.20% ; p-tert amylphenol 1.70% ; Sodium Dodecylbenzene-sulfonate 3.00% ; Tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 2.80%, Isopropyl alcohol 2.60% (19.1% Phenolics, 2.6% Alcohol, 5.8% misc.).
One Stroke (Calgon Vestal Labs): 4.0 l - Sanofi $30.00,
$7.50/l, 1:256, $0.030/l.
Ortho-phenyphenol, 10.0% ; Ortho-benzyl-para-chlorophenol, 8.5%;
Para-tertiary-amylphenol, 2.0% (20.5% Phenolics).
Tek-Trol (Biotek Industries): 3.8 l - Biotek Canada $32.00, $8.45/l, 1;256, $0.033/l.
Ortho-phenyphenol, 14.0% ; Ortho-benzyl-para-chlorophenol, 12.0% (26.0% Phenolics).
NL50
0 (National Labs): 4.5 l - Nika Sales $23.37, $5.20/l, 1:80, $0.065/l.
Potassium Ricinoleate 3.3% ; Ortho-Benzyl-para-chlorophenol 3.2%, Sodium xylene sulphonate 2.0% ; Sodium lauryl sulphate 0.6% ; Tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 0.6% (3.2% Phenolic, 6.5% misc.).
Aldehydes
Glutaraldehyde (Winthrop): 5 l - Through veterinarians, expensive, no diluting. Glutaraldehyde 2%.
Lysofume (Winthrop): 4.5 l - Winthrop $31.07, $6.91/l, 1:128, $0.054/l.
2-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-Nitro-1,3 Propanediol 19.20% ; Formaldehyde 2.02% ; Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 2.29%.
Appendix 2 - Recommended High Pressure Washer/Foamer Models
Format
Manufacturer (Distributer)
-Model: Operating Pressure, Water Volume, Voltage, Power, Price.
All of these models come with a cart (except the HD575), high pressure hose, spray gun, wand, and nozzle.
BSM (DeBoer's Farm Equipment Ltd.)
- CP 60 : 1150 PSI, 2.2 GPM, 110 V, 1.5 HP, $ 1,145.
- SAC 100: 1650 PSI, 4.0 GPM, 220 V, 3.0 HP, $ 1,225.
The BSM models are a the best value as they also include a foaming nozzle, while this is an expensive accessory with both Karcher and WAP.
Karcher (Karcher Cleaning Systems Inc.)
- HD 575 : up to 1000 PSI, 0.6-2.2 GPM, 110 V, 1.8 HP, $ 1,295.
- HD 1000: up to 2465 PSI, 0.8-4.4 GPM, 220 V, 7.0 HP, $ 2,295.
The standard nozzles with these Karcher models can changeover to a pencil jet, for a powerful directed spray or to a fan jet which covers a broader area. Karcher is the world's leading cleaning-equipment manufacturer and is based in West-Germany. Their equipment is being using by Exxon to spray down the oil covered beach rocks in Alaska. HARI uses the HD 1000 which removes the paint off the floor when used at full pressure.
WAP (Nika Sales)
- JET: up to 1000 PSI, 2.8 GPM, 110 V, 1.9 HP
- L3000: up to 2400 PSI, 4.5 GPM, 220 V,(5.0 HP)
Nika Sales can rent you a WAP-JET from Friday to Monday for $50. This model has a nozzle which is able to changeover to one that partially foams a disinfectant/detergent but if you buy one of these units it would be better to buy their special foaming nozzle accessory.
Manufacturers' or Distributers' Addresses;
Bio-tek Industries, Canada
11 Rimini Mews
Mississauga, Ontario
L5N 4K1
416-567-3030
DeBoer's Farm Equipment Ltd.
RR # 1
Elora, Ontario
N0B 1S0
519-846-5388
Karcher Cleaning Systems Inc.
1770 Alstep Drive
Mississauga, Ontario
L5S 1W1
416-672-8233
Mauco Industries Ltd.
4115 Cousens St.
St. Laurent, Quebec
H4S 1V6
514-337-6131
Nika Sales
219 Silercreek Pkwy. North
Guelph, Ontario
N1H 7K4
519-824-0620
Pressure Washers with PressureParts.com
Sanofi Animal Health Canada, Inc.
275 Sheldon Dr. Unit #8
Cambridge, Ontario
N1T 1A3
1-800-265-8622
Veterinary Laboratory Services Branch
Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food
Located at: The University of Guelph
519-823-8800 Ext.4501
White Cross/Ventech Healthcare, Inc.
5700 Keaton Cres.
Mississauga, Ontario
L5R 3K2
568-3800,1-800-668-1128
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